Cybersecurity Essentials 1.1 Chapter 4 Quiz Online

Hint

Ciphertext can be created by using the following:

• Transposition – letters are rearranged
• Substitution – letters are replaced
• One-time pad – plaintext combined with a secret key creates a new character, which then combines with the plaintext to produce ciphertext

Hint

The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is used to protect classified information by the U.S. government and is a strong algorithm that uses longer key lengths.

Hint

Software watermarking inserts a secret message into the program as proof of ownership and protects software from unauthorized access or modification.

Hint

• Physical access controls include but are not limited to the following:

  Guards

• Fences
• Motion detectors
• Laptop locks
• Locked doors
• Swipe cards
• Guard dogs
• Video cameras
• Mantraps
• Alarms

Hint

Data masking replaces sensitive information with nonsensitive information. After replacement, the nonsensitive version looks and acts like the original.

Hint

Block ciphers transform a fixed-length block of plaintext into a block of ciphertext. To decrypt the ciphertext, the same secret key to encrypt is used in reverse.

Hint

Symmetric encryption algorithms use the same pre-shared key to encrypt and decrypt data.

Hint

Stream ciphers encrypt plaintext one byte or one bit at a time, and can be much faster than block ciphers.

Hint

Elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) uses elliptic curves as part of the algorithm for digital signature generation and key exchange.

Hint

Cryptology is the science of making and breaking codes to make sure that cyber criminals cannot easily compromise protected information.

Hint

Logical access controls includes but is not limited to the following:

• Encryption
• Smart cards
• Passwords
• Biometrics
• Access Control Lists (ACLs)
• Protocols
• Firewalls
• Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS)

Hint

Steganography conceals data in a file such as a graphic, audio, or other text file and is used to prevent extra attention to the encrypted data because the data is not easily viewed.

Hint

Administrative access controls are defined by organizations to implement and enforce all aspects of controlling unauthorized access and include the following:

• Policies
• Procedures
• Hiring practices
• Background checks
• Data classification
• Security training
• Reviews

Hint

Four protocols use asymmetric key algorithms:

• Internet Key Exchange (IKE)
• Secure Socket Layer (SSL)
• Secure Shell (SSH)
• Pretty Good Privacy (PGP)

Hint

Deterrents are implemented to discourage or mitigate an action or the behavior of a malicious person.

Hint

Multi-factor authentication uses a minimum of two methods of verification and can include the following:

• Something you have
• Something you know
• Something you are

Hint

Diffie-Hellman provides an electronic exchange method to share a secret key and is used by multiple secure protocols.

Hint

Asymmetric encryption uses one key to encrypt data and a different key to decrypt data.